威斯敏斯特信仰告白
29
論聖餐
The Lord's Supper
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一、主耶穌被賣的那一夜,以他的血與身體設立了聖餐,稱為聖餐,應當在教會中遵守,直到世界的末了,為要永遠記念他的受死,保證真信徒在其中應得的一切福份的益處,並在他(祂)裡面得著屬靈的滋養和生長,使他們更進一步對主履行應盡的本分。聖餐又是作為基督奧秘身體之肢體的信徒,與基督有交通,並彼此交通的一種聯繫和(實踐) 保證。
Our Lord Jesus, on the night when he was betrayed, instituted the sacrament of his body and blood, called the Lord’s supper. It is to be observed in his church until the end of the age for the perpetual remembrance of the sacrifice of himself in his death, for the sealing of all the benefits of that death unto true believers, for their spiritual nourishment and growth in him, for their increased commitment to perform all the duties which they owe to him, and for a bond and pledge of their fellowship with him and with each other as members of his mystical body (a).
二、在這聖禮中,不是基督被獻給父,也不是為活人死人的赦罪而真實獻祭,只是記念主一次永遠地在十字架上獻上自己,也是以讚美向上帝獻上屬靈的祭。所以天主教所謂的彌撒至為可憎,讓人曲解基督獨一的獻祭,這祭是基督為選民中諸罪孽所獻的惟一挽回祭。
In this sacrament Christ is not offered up to his Father, nor is any real sacrifice made at all for the forgiveness of the sins of the living or the dead (b). Instead, this sacrament is only a commemoration of that one sacrifice by which Christ offered himself on the cross once for all. The sacrament is a spiritual offering of the highst praise to God for that sacrifice (c). So, the Roman Catholic sacrifice of the mass (as they call it) is a detestable insult to Christ’s one and only sacrifice, which is the only propitiation for all the sins of his elect (d).
三、主耶穌在這聖禮中吩咐祂的僕人向會眾 (1)要宣讀設立聖餐時說的話,(2)要禱告、(3)要祝福餅杯,就使它們分別為聖,(4)要拿起餅來,擘開,(5)要拿起杯來(他們自己也要領聖餐),將餅杯分給領餐教友,但不可分給未出席者。
In this ordinance the Lord Jesus has appointed his ministers to declare his word of institution to the people; to pray and consecrate the elements of bread and wine, and so set them apart from a common to a holy use; and to take and break the bread, take the cup, and give both to the communicants, and to partake with the congregation (e). But they are not to give the elements to any who are not then present in the congregation (f).
四、(1)私人彌撒,即單獨從神父,或者任何人一個人所領受的聖餐;(2)不讓信徒領受主杯;(3)敬拜餅杯,或將之舉起、捧持、遊行讓人敬拜;(4)以任何宗教用途為藉口來保存餅、杯,以上種種都是不對的,有違聖餐的本質,違背基督設立聖餐的宗旨。
Private masses – or receiving this sacrament from a priest or anyone else, alone (g) – are contrary to the nature of the sacrament and to the institution of Christ. For the same reasons it is forbidden to deny the cup to the members of the congregation (h), to worship the elements, to lift them up or carry them around for adoration, or to reserve them for any supposedly religious use (i).
五、聖餐中的(餅與杯),如果按基督的吩咐,應當地分別為聖,與真正被釘死的基督,就有如下的關係:雖然他們真的有時就直接被人稱做「主的身體」、「主的血」(這只限於聖餐討論中);但就其本質與性質來說,這些真的只是餅和酒,和從前一樣。
The visible elements in this sacrament, when they are properly set apart for the uses ordained by Christ have such a relationship to Christ crucified that they are sometimes called – truly, not only sacramentally – by the name of the things they represent, namely, the body and blood of Christ (j). This is true even though in substance and nature they still remain truly and only bread and wine, as they were before ( k).
六、所謂「餅與酒的本質,經過神僕的聖別或其他方法,變成基督的身體與血的本質(所謂化質說)」的教義,不但不合聖經,而且違反常識和理性;顛倒聖餐的特質,過去和現在都造成各種迷信和明顯的偶像崇(敬)拜。
The doctrine which teaches that the substance of the bread and wine is changed into the substance of Christ’s body and blood (commonly called transubstantiation) by the consecration of a priest, or in any other way, is repugnant not only to Scripture but even to common sense and reason. It overthrows the nature of the sacrament and has been and is the cause of many superstitions and gross idolatries (l).
七、按理領聖餐者,不但是在外面有分於聖餐中有形的物質,也是在裡面憑信心真實地(不是憑肉體,是屬靈地 )領受被釘十字架的基督,以基督為糧,我們領受他受死帶給我們的一切益處的祝福與保證 。 基督的身體和血雖然不是具體地在餅杯之內,或與之同在,或在其下;然 而 就 屬 靈 工 作來 看 , 聖 餐 對 信 徒 的 信 心 而 言 是 真 實 同 在的,正如餅與酒對信徒的外在感官而言是真實同在的。
Worthy receivers of this sacrament, outwardly partaking of its visible elements (m), also inwardly by faith – really and indeed, yet not physically but spiritually – receive and feed upon Christ crucified and all the benefits of his death. The body and blood of Christ are not physically in, with, or under the bread and wine; yet in this ordinance the body and blood of Christ are present to the faith of believers in as real a spiritual sense as the bread and wine are to their physical senses (n).
八、無知與邪惡之人雖然領受聖餐的餅和杯,但不能領受餅和杯所表明的基督身體與血;由於他們不按理領受聖餐,反而干犯主的身體和血,就定自己的罪。 因此凡無知與不敬虔的人,既不與主相交,就不配赴主筵席,若他們依然故我,就是沒有犯大罪得罪基督,也不能領受聖餐,或獲准領受。
Even if ignorant and wicked men receive the outward elements in this sacrament, yet they do not receive that which is signified by the elements. Rather, by their unworthy coming to the sacrament, they are guilty of the body and blood of the Lord, to their own damnation. Therefore, all ignorant and ungodly people, because they are unfit to enjoy fellowship with the Lord, are also unworthy to participate in the Lord’s supper. As long as they remain unworthy, they cannot be admitted to the Lord’s table or partake of the holy mysteries (o) without great sin against Christ (p).
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